Students should refer to Worksheets Class 10 Social Science Resources and Development Chapter 1 provided below with important questions and answers. These important questions with solutions for Chapter 1 Resources and Development have been prepared by expert teachers for Class 10 Social Science based on the expected pattern of questions in the class 10 exams. We have provided Worksheets for Class 10 Social Science for all chapters on our website. You should carefully learn all the important examinations questions provided below as they will help you to get better marks in your class tests and exams.
Resources and Development Worksheets Class 10 Social Science
ONE MARK QUESTIONS
Question. What are the methods of checking soil erosion?
Ans : Strip cropping, terrace farming and contour ploughing.
Question. Classify resources on the basis of origin.
Ans : On the basis of origin resources are classified as biotic and abiotic resources.
Question. Gully erosion is common in which basin?
Ans : Chambal Basin.
Question. Give one difference between renewable and nonrenewable resources.
Ans : Renewable: Replenished by nature and may be overused e. g., crops and plants.
Non-renewable: which get exhausted after years of use. e.g, crude oil.
Question. Give an example of non-renewable resources.
Ans : Coal/Minerals.
Question. Give examples of abiotic resources.
Ans : Rocks and metals.
Question. Which soil type is the result of intense leaching due to heavy rainfall ?
Ans : Laterite soil.
Question. Name the land with deep channels that is unfit for cultivation.
Ans : Bad land.
Question. Which cold desert is relatively isolated from the rest of the country?
Ans : Ladakh
Question. Which regions of India have well developed terrace farming?
Ans : Western and central Himalayas
Question. Which soil types is made up of lava flows?
Ans : Black soil.
Question. What is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?
Ans : Over irrigation.
Question. The running water cuts through the clayey soils and make:
(a) Bad land
(b) Gullies
(c) Deltas
(d) None of these
Ans. (b) Gullies
Question. One the basis of exhaustibility resources can be classified into following categories:
(a) Biotoc and abiotic
(b) Renewable and non renwable
(c) Individual, community
(d) Potential,developed
Ans. (b) Renewable and non renwable
Question. According to their age alluvial soils can be classified as ………. and ……………..
Ans. Khadar (new), Bangar (old)
Question. Resource are ………….. accessible economically feasible and ………… acceptable.
Ans. Technologically, culturally
Question. ……………. is the main cause of land degradation in punjab.
Ans. Over irrigation
Question. Jammu and Kashmir has abundance of water resources but lacks in infrastructural development. Correct the Statement.
Ans. Arunachal pradesh in place of jammu & Kashmir.
Question. Agenda-21 was signed in 1992 for world peace. Correct the Statement.
Ans. Global sustainable development not world peace.
Question. Assertion: Land is a natural resource of utmost importance.
Reason: Land can be used for various purposes.
Option:
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If A is true and R is false.
(d) If A is false R is true.
Ans. (a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is correct explanation of assertion.
Question. Assertion: Alluvial soil is ideal for growth of paddy, wheat, cereal and pulse crops.
Reason: Alluvial soil is well known for its capacity to hold moisture.
Option:
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If A is true and R is false.
(d) If A is false R is true.
Ans. (c) If A is true and R is false.
Question. Assertion: Terrace cultivation does not restrict soil erosion.
Reason: Running water cuts through the clayey soil and makes deep channels as gullies.
Option:
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If A is true and R is false.
(d) If A is false R is true.
Ans. (d) If A is false R is true.
THREE MARKS QUESTIONS
Question. In India, some regions are rich in certain types of resources but deficient in some other resources”. Do you agree with the statement? Support your answer with any three examples.
Ans : Yes, there are regions which are rich in certain types of resources but are deficient in some other resources.
a. Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh are rich in minerals and coal deposits.
b. Arunachal Pradesh has abundance of water resources but lacks in infrastructural development.
c. Rajasthan is endowed with solar and wind energy but lacks in water resources.
d. Ladakh has rich cultural heritage but lacks in water resources and infrastructure.
Question. Which is the main cause of land degradation in Gujarat, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh? How can it be checked? Explain.
Ans : The main cause of land degradation is large scale overgrazing Measures to check include:
a. Afforestation and proper management of grazing.
b. Planting of shelter belts of plants.
c. Stabilization of sand dunes by growing thorny bushes.
d. Control on overgrazing.
Question. What are the three stages of resource planning in India ?
Ans : a. Identification and inventory of resources across the regions of the country.
b. Evolving a planning structure endowed with appropriate technology, skill and , institutional set up for implementing resource development plans.
c. Match the resource development plans with overall national development plans.
Question. Describe any three measures of controlling land degradation.
or Explain any three steps taken to solve the problem of land degradation in India.
Ans : a. Afforestation and proper management of grazing can help to some extent.
b. Planting of shelter belts, control on over-grazing, stabilisation of sand dune by growing thorny bushes.
c. Proper management of wastelands, control of mixing activities, proper discharge and disposal of industrial effluents and wastes after treatment can reduce land and water degradation in industrial and sub-urban areas are some of the methods to check land degradation.
Question. What is Agenda 21? List its two principles.
Ans : Agenda 21 was adopted at first International Earth Summit held in 1992 at Rio de Janerio Brazil. The two principles are as follows:
a. To combat environmental damage, pov¬erty, disease through global cooperation on common interests, mutual needs and shared responsibilities.
b. Every local government should draw its own local Agenda 21.
Question. Why is soil considered as a resource? Explain with five arguments.
Ans : Soil is considered as a resource because :
a. It is used to satisfy our needs.
b. It is the most important renewable natural resource.
c. It is the medium of plant growth.
d. It supports different types of living organisms on the Earth.
e. It is the base of our life.
Question. Indiscriminate use of resources had led to numerous problems.’ Justify this statement.
Ans : Resources are vital for human survival and it was believed that resources are free gift of nature. The indiscriminate use of resources led to the following problems:
a. To satisfy the greed of few individuals, depletion of resources has continued.
b. Due to the accumulation of resources in few hands, the society gets divided into two segments, e.g., rich and poor.
c. Indiscriminate use of resources has ‘ led to ecological crises, e.g., ozone layer depletion, land degradation, global warming and environmental pollution.
Question. Distinguish between red soil and laterite soil stating any three points of distinction.
Ans :
Question. How can you contribute to minimize the pollution. Explain.
Ans : We can contribute to minimize the pollution by:
a. Planting more plants and trees.
b. Using non-conventional sources of energy such as solar and wind energy.
c. Using public transport instead of personal car/ motor bike etc. d. Saving water and electricity.
Question. Why is it essential to have resource planning? Explain any three reasons.
Ans : a. If the present trend of resource depletion by few individuals continues, the future of our planet is in danger.
b. Planning is essential for sustainable existence of all forms of life.
c. Indiscriminate exploitation of resources has led to global ecological crises.
Question. Define the following terms:
a. Current fallow land
b. Other than current fallow
c. Cultural waste land
Ans : a. Current fallow land: Left uncultivated / for one or less than one agricultural year.
b. Other than current fallow: Left uncultivated for past 1 to 5 agricultural years.
c. Cultural waste land: Left uncultivated for more than 5 agricultural years.
Question. Enumerate any three features of ‘regur’ soil.
Ans : Feature of ‘regur’ soil :
a. Regur soil is also known as black soil.
b. It is ideal for growing cotton, so it is also known as ‘black cotton soil’.
c. It is made up of extremely fine clayey material. d. It is rich in soil nutrients, calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash and lime.
e. It develops cracks in hot weather. It can hold moisture and is sticky when wet.
Question. Suggest any three methods of soil conservation suitable to Indian conditions.
or What steps can be taken to control soil erosion in hilly areas?
Ans : Methods of soil conservation:
a. Ploughing along the contour lines can decrease the speed of water flow down the slopes.
b. Step or terrace cultivation on slopes restricts erosion. Western and Central Himalayas have well-developed terrace farming.
c. Strip cropping: Here large fields can be divided into strips. Strips of grass are left to grow between the crops. This breaks up the force of the wind.
d. Shelter belt plantation: Trees are planted in rows. These shelter belts have led to the stabilisation of sand dimes and in stabilising the desert in western India.
FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS
Question. Explain the resources on the basis of origin and exhaustibility.
Ans : Resources on the basis of origin :
a. Biotic resources : Resources obtained from the environment are called biotic resources. For example-trees, animals and insects.
b. Abiotic resources : Resources obtain from nonliving things present in our environment are termed as abiotic resources. For example-earth, air, water, metals, rocks, etc. Resources on the basis of exhaustibility :
a. Renewable resources : The resources which have the ability to renew them over period of time or can be reproduced by physical, chemical or mechanical processes are known as renewable resources. For example-solar and wind energy, water, forest and wildlife, etc.
b. Non-renewable resources : Resources which cannot be renewed or reproduced by any physical, chemical or mechanical process are known as nonrenewable resource. For example- water, wind, tidal energy, etc.
Question. List the problems caused due to indiscriminate use of resources by human beings.
Ans : Resources are essential for human survival. Initially, people believed that the resources are the free gift of nature. Therefore, they continuously exhausted the resources available in the environment without taking any preventive measures. As a matter of fact, they faced economic, social and ecological problems. The major problems that cropped up due to over-exploitation, irrational consumption and indiscriminate use of resources are :
a. Exhaustion of resources : Due to over exploitation and irrational consumption, the resources exhausted at a rapid pace leaving very little or nothing for the future generation.
b. Concentration of resources : Concentration of resources in a few hands is also a major issue. The people with the maximum resources will use them for their own benefits leaving others empty handed. This will create a situation of have and have nots. This situation of have and have nots is unfavourable for the growth of the country as a whole. c. Global ecological crisis : Global warming, depletion of ozone layer, population and land degradation are global ecological crises. This crisis situation is also an after effect of irrational or over utilisation of resources.
Question. How do technical and economical developments led to more consumption of resources ?
Ans : These days, technical and economical developments gain a colossus space. The government is also focusing more on technical and economical growth to make our county a fully developed country. In this process of technical and economical growth, the resources of our country are exhausting rapidly. Technological and economical developments have led to such rapid consumption of resources because of the following reasons :
a. New and improved equipments are introduced with the development of technology, which ultimately lead to an increase in the use of natural resources.
b. The technological advancement is attributed to the growth of a developing country. People of an economically developing nation consume more resources. Hence, we can safely say that an improvement in economic development of a nation will directly result in the increase of its people’s consumption of resources.
c. Development of new technologies is widely seen in developing economies. Due to economic development, the bright minds get an opportunity to experiment with their ideas. As a matter of fact, various materials are converted in to useful resources. This creates an atmosphere, which will see a steady increase in consumption of such available resources.
Question. ‘Consumption of energy in all forms has been rising all over the country. There is an urgent need to develop a sustainable path of energy development and energy saving’. Suggest and explain any three measures to solve this burning problem.
Ans : Energy is an essential requirement for economic development. The strategy of economic development that India has adopted since independence necessarily required increasing amount of energy consumption. As a result, consumption of energy in all forms has been rising. To take care of this concern, various measures that need to be adopted are as follows : a. We need to increase the use of renewable energy resources like solar, wind power, biogas, tidal energy and geothermal energy. This will decrease the dependence on non-renewable sources.
b. We have to adopt a cautious approach for judicious use of our limited energy resources. F or example, as a concerned citizen we can use public transport system in place of an individual vehicle.
c. Another measure that needs to be adopted is promotion of energy conservation, e.g., switching off electrical devices when not in use, using power saving devices. Thus, consumption of energy in all forms has been rising all over the country.
Question. How can the problem of land degradation be solved ?
Ans : Land degradation has become a major problem today. We have shared our land with the past generations and will have to do with the future generations. There are many ways to solve the problem of land degradation. Afforestation and proper management of grazing can help in solving the problem of land degradation. Planting shelter belts of plants, control on over grazing, stabilisation of sand dunes by growing thorny bushes are also some of the methods to check land degradation. Proper management of waste lands, control of mining activities, proper discharge and disposal of industrial effluents and wastes after treatment can reduce land and water degradation in industrial and suburban areas.
Question. Provide a suitable classification for resources on the basis of ownership. Mention main features of any three types of such resources.
Ans : On the basis of ownership resources can be classified into the following categories :
a. Individual resources : Resources owned by a person or an individual are called individual resources. For example-land owned by farmers, and houses are individual resources.
b. Community resources : Resources owned by a particular community or a society are called community owned resources. For example- Graveyard, grazing land, ponds, burial grounds and park ark community owned resources.
c. National resources : Resources owned by an individual nation are called national resources. For example -Government land, roads, canals and railways are national resources.
d. International resources : Resources regulated or governed by an international body are called international resources. For example-Ocean and sea beyond 200 km of the exclusive economic zone belongs to open sea or ocean. No individual country can utilise these resources without the permission of international bodies.
Question. What are the four main factors which help in the formation of soil ?
Ans : The main factors that help in soil formation are :
a. Parent rock : It influences the colour and texture of the soil. The mineral content of the soil also depends on the parent rock from which it is formed.
b. Climate : It influences the rate and types of weathering and erosion of the rocks. Weathering of the parent rocks due to climatic factors and natural forces leads to disintegration of rocks. Subsequently, this leads to the formation of soil.
c. Time : It determines the maturity of the soil. Soil is a living system. It takes millions of years to form soil upto a few centimetres in depth.
d. Relief: This refers to the landscape position and the slopes. Steep and long slopes mean water will run down faster and potentially erode the surfaces of the slopes. The effect will be poor soils on the slopes, and richer deposits at the foot of the slopes.
SOURCE BASED QUESTIONS
Question. At present, there are about 130 million hectares of degraded land in India. Approximately. 28 per cent of it belongs to the category of forest degraded area, 56 per cent of it is water eroded area and the rest is affected by saline and alkaline deposits. Some human activities such as deforestation, over grazing, mining and quarrying too have contributed significantly in land degradation.
Mining sites are abandoned after excavation work is complete leaving deep scars and traces of over-burdening. In states like Jharkhand. Chhattisgarh. Madhya Pradesh and Odisha deforestation due to mining have caused severe land degradation. In states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra overgrazing is one of the main reasons for land degradation. In the states of Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh, over irrigation is responsible for land degradation due to water logging leading to increase in salinity and alkalinity in the soil. The mineral processing like grinding of limestone for cement industry and calcite and soapstone for ceramic industry generate huge quantity of dust in the atmosphere. It retards the process of infiltration of water into the soil after it settles down on the land. In recent years, industrial effluents as waste have become a major source of land and water pollution in many parts of the country.
(i) Human activities such as deforestation, over grazing, mining and quarrying have contributed significantly in:
(a) Water degradation
(b) Air degradation
(c) Land degradation
(d) Soil degradation
Ans. (c) Land degradation
(ii) Mining has degraded the lands of:
(a) Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Chhatisgarh
(b) Chhatisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, and Odisha
(c) Odisha, Bihar, Chhatisgarh and Madhya Pradesh
(d) Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra and Assam
Ans. (a) Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Chhatisgarh
(iii) Analyse the information given below, considering one of the following correct options:
(a) Contour ploughing
(b) Terrace farming
(c) Strip farming
(d) Afforestation
Option:
(1) Measures for ploughing
(2) Measures for soil conservation
(3) Measures for terrace farming
(4 Measures to control pollution
Ans. (2) Measures for soil conservation
(iv) How overirrigation causes land degradation
(a) It increases salinity and alkalinity in the soil
(b) It retards the process of infiltration of water into the soil
(c) It makes it wasteland
(d) None of the above
Ans. (a) It increases salinity and alkalinity in the soil
